Intshayelelo
Ukugcwala ngokungekho mthethweni kunye nokupakisha kakhulu kwiilori akutshabalalisi oohola bendlela kunye nezibonelelo zeebhulorho kuphela, kodwa kwakhona kubangela iingozi zendlela ngokulula kwaye kubeka emngciphekweni ukhuseleko lobomi babantu kunye nempahla.Ngokweenkcukacha-manani, ngaphezu kwe-80% yeengozi zendlela ezibangelwa ziilori zinxulumene nobukhulu obugqithisileyo kunye nokugcwala kwezithuthi.
Imowudi yendlela yokuhlola isithuthi esigqithileyo kunye nomthwalo ogqithileyo unonyanzeliso lomthetho olusebenzayo, olulula ukubangela into yokushiywa kwesithuthi, kwaye imowudi yolawulo lokunyanzeliswa ngokuthe ngqo ixhomekeke kwindlela yokulinganisa ngokuzenzekelayo kunye nokufumanisa ngokuzenzekelayo ukufumanisa ngokuzenzekelayo, ukuchonga kunye nesikrini. izithuthi ezidlulayo ubusuku nemini, ukuze kuzuzwe ulawulo oluchanekileyo nolusebenzayo lwezithuthi ezigcweleyo nezigcweleyo.Ukuze komelezwe ulawulo lokuziphatha kwezithuthi ezithwele ngokugqithisileyo, ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwezibonelelo zendlela yendlela kunye nobomi babantu kunye nepropathi, inkqubo yonyanzeliso oluthe ngqo lokutyhutyha kwendlela iye yakhuthazwa ngokuthe ngcembe yaza yasetyenziswa kuhola wendlela, kwaye ulawulo olugqithileyo lohola wendlela lufezekise ngokuphawulekayo. iziphumo, nolawulo lwesantya sokutyhutyha koohola bendlela kuye kwalawulwa ngaphakathi kwe-0.5%, kwaye ukutyhutyha ngokungekho mthethweni nokugcwala koohola bendlela besiqhelo nako kuthintelwe ngokusebenzayo.
Isakhelo senkqubo yokunyanzelisa ngokuthe ngqo
1. Isakhelo kunye nemisebenzi yenkqubo yolawulo
Imowudi yokunyanzeliswa ngokuthe ngqo ibhekiselele ekufumaneni okuzenzekelayo kwedatha efanelekileyo njengobunzima bezithuthi ezidlulayo ngesantya esiphezulu kunye nesixhobo esichanekileyo esiguquguqukayo sokulinganisa, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba izithuthi zomthwalo zithwele kakhulu kwaye zithuthwa, kwaye zixhomekeke kwiindlela zenzululwazi kunye nezobuchwepheshe bafumane ubungqina, kwaye bazise kwaye bajongane nabo emva koko.
Inkqubo yolwazi yolawulo lothungelwano lwesizwe iququzelelwe kwaye yakhiwa liSebe lezoThutho, kwaye idatha yenkqubo yephondo idityanisiwe kwaye kwabelwana ngayo, ibonelela ngenkxaso yolungelelwaniso loshishino lwabaphathiswa kunye naphakathi kwamaphondo, kunye nokongamela ngempumelelo ulawulo lwesizwe kunye nolawulo oluphezulu. umsebenzi;Iprojekthi yenqanaba lephondo iya kuququzelelwa kwaye yakhiwe lisebe lezothutho lephondo (ummandla ozimeleyo, umasipala) ukufezekisa imisebenzi yolawulo lweshishini kunye nenkonzo ngaphakathi kwendawo yolawulo, ukuxhasa inqanaba lephondo, likamasipala kunye nedolophu ukwenza umsebenzi wokuhlola, kwaye uqhagamshelane nenkqubo yenqanaba lobulungiseleli.
Sithatha iZhejiang njengomzekelo, inkqubo yolawulo yothungelwano yephondo ithatha isakhiwo esinemigangatho emine kunye nolawulo olunamanqanaba amathathu ukusuka phezulu ukuya ezantsi, oku kulandelayo:
1) Iqonga lolawulo lwePhondo
Idlala indima yamaqonga amathandathu angundoqo kwinkqubo yothungelwano yolawulo yephondo, angala: iqonga leziko ledatha elisisiseko, iqonga lokutshintshiselana ngedatha, iqonga lezohlwayo lolawulo, iqonga lexesha elinye elincedisayo elingekho mthethweni lokugweba, iqonga lovavanyo novavanyo nohlalutyo lweenkcukacha-manani kunye neqonga lokubonisa.Qhagamshelana nothungelwano lwenkonzo karhulumente wephondo ukufumana uvimba weenkcukacha womcimbi, ugcino-lwazi olunokuvela, kunye nogcino-lwazi lwabasebenzi bonyanzeliso lomthetho, kwaye unike ingxelo yokuphatha isohlwayo solawulo ngolwazi ngexesha lokwenyani;Ukuxhoma kwisixokelelwano samapolisa endlela ukufumana ulwazi lwesithuthi esithuthayo kunye neenkcukacha zabaqhubi, ukukopa ulwazi lwezothutho ezidlulayo ezingekho mthethweni;Ukuxhoma ngenkqubo yolawulo lwezothutho ukufumana ulwazi ngamashishini ezothutho, izithuthi ezithuthayo, njl. njl., kunye nokukopa ulwazi lwezothutho olugqithileyo ngokungekho mthethweni;Ithemplethi yoxwebhu oludityanisiweyo kunye nolwazi olusisiseko kunye noluhlu oluvaliweyo/ulawulo lwelayisenisi yesikhululo solawulo;Ukuqonda isigwebo esincedisayo sesohlwayo esinye kuhambo olunye lwezothutho ezinkulu;Ukuvavanya nokuvavanya ukusebenza kwezikhululo zokubeka iliso zephondo kunye nokusebenza kweshishini lolawulo oluphezulu;Ngokusetyenziswa kweenkcukacha-manani kunye nocazululo lwedatha, umgaqo-nkqubo wephondo wolawulo nolawulo oluphezulu uyaphononongwa, kwaye kubonelelwa ngenkxaso yobungakanani bokusungulwa komgaqo-nkqubo;Ukubonelela ngenkxaso efanelekileyo yezomthetho neyolawulo kumsebenzi wolawulo kuwo onke amanqanaba, kunye nokuseka uvimba weenkcukacha zoshishino kwinqanaba lephondo, likamasipala, nelenqila.
2) Imodyuli ephezulu yolawulo lwenqanaba lesithili
Inoxanduva lolawulo olubanzi lolwazi olusisiseko lweshishini ngaphakathi kommandla wolawulo, uhlalutyo lweenkcukacha-manani lolwazi olugqithileyo, ukuhlolwa komthetho wesixeko sendawo, ukuqwalaselwa ngokutsha kolawulo lwetyala, ukusasazwa kweshishini, ukuhlolwa kunye novavanyo lwesixeko sasekhaya.
3) Imodyuli ephezulu yolawulo lwesithili kunye nolawulo lwenqila
Ukufumana kunye nokugcina idatha yeendawo ezahlukeneyo zokubona iindawo ezingaphezulu kunye nezixhobo ezikummandla wolawulo (kubandakanywa zonke iintlobo zedatha yokubhaqwa kwe-overrun, imifanekiso kunye neevidiyo).Qokelela/uphonononge/uqinisekise idatha egqithisiweyo ngokungekho mthethweni kwindawo, ugcino lweefayile, kunye neenkcukacha-manani ezifanelekileyo, uhlalutyo kunye nokuboniswa kwisithili nakwisiphaluka.
4) Izikhululo zokuhlola ukunyanzeliswa ngokuthe ngqo
Ngokusebenzisa ukulinganisa okuguquguqukayo kunye nokubamba izixhobo ze-forensics ezimiselwe endleleni, ubunzima, ipleyiti yelayisensi kunye nolunye ulwazi olufanelekileyo lwelori edlulayo lufunyenwe.
2. Ukuqulunqwa kunye nomsebenzi wenkqubo yokunyanzelisa ngokuthe ngqo
Isixhobo sentsimi yenkqubo yokunyanzeliswa ngokuthe ngqo (jonga uMzobo 1) ikakhulu ibandakanya ukukala ngokuzenzekelayo kunye nezixhobo zokubona, ukubamba isithuthi kunye nezixhobo zokuchongwa, izixhobo zokwazisa ngokuziphatha okungekho mthethweni, izixhobo zokujonga ividiyo, njl.
I-1) Izixhobo zokulinganisa: kubandakanywa izinzwa zokulinganisa, izilawuli zokulinganisa (iikhomputha zamashishini), abahambisi beemoto, njl., kufuneka ziqinisekiswe ngamaziko afanelekileyo okulinganisa, kwaye iziphumo zokulinganisa zingasetyenziswa njengesiseko sesohlwayo.
I-2) Izixhobo eziphezulu zokuqaphela kunye nokubamba izixhobo: ezisetyenziselwa ukuqokelela imifanekiso yezithuthi, kubandakanywa iipleyiti zeelayisenisi, iimeko zomzimba, iinombolo zepleyiti zelayisensi kunye nemibala enokuchonga izithuthi.
I-3) Izixhobo zokujonga iividiyo: ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokujonga iividiyo zokufumana inkqubo yezixhobo zokufumanisa ukulinganisa ngokuzenzekelayo kwiilori, kunye nolwazi lokubeka iliso olufunyenwe ngezixhobo zokujonga ividiyo lunokusetyenziswa njengobungqina.
4) Izixhobo zokukhutshwa kolwazi: ngebhodi yolwazi eguquguqukayo, isithuthi esivavanyiweyo kwaye sigqithise sinokukhutshwa ngexesha langempela ukuze sigqithise isaziso, kwaye sikhokele umqhubi weloli kwindawo ekufutshane yokuthulula ukuze kuthulwe.
Uyilo lweendawo zokufumanisa ukunyanzeliswa ngokuthe ngqo
Ukukhetha indawo yeprojekthi
Ukuze kuphuculwe ukusebenza kwe-overkill, izikhululo zokuhlola ukunyanzeliswa ngokuthe ngqo kufuneka zikhethwe ngokuhambelana nomgaqo "wokucwangcisa ngokubanzi kunye nokuhlelwa okudibeneyo", kwaye umba wokubaluleka kufuneka unikwe iindlela ezinezi mpawu zilandelayo:
1) Iilori zigcwele kakhulu okanye iilori kufuneka zidlule endleleni;
2) iindlela eziqhagamshelwe kwiibhulorho eziphambili ezikhuselweyo;
3) Imida yephondo, imida yoomasipala kunye nezinye iindawo zolawulo ezidityanisiweyo iindlela;
4) Iindlela zasemaphandleni ekulula ukuba izithuthi zijike kuzo.
2. Uyilo lwendawo yokulinganisa
2.1.Izikali zelori ezinamandla
Isikali selori enamandla sisixhobo sokulinganisa esizenzekelayo esisetyenziselwa ukulinganisa ubunzima belongitudinal (ubunzima obugqithisileyo), umthwalo we-asi, kunye nomthwalo weqela le-asi xa isithuthi sidlula, kwaye ubukhulu becala sinomthwalo.
Isixhobo, inxalenye yokucubungula idatha kunye nesixhobo sokubonisa siqulunqwe, apho inxalenye yokucubungula idatha idla ngokuyilwa ngendlela yekhabhinethi yokulawula.Ngokwabathwali abahlukeneyo, izikali zelori eziguquguqukayo zinokwahlulwa zibe luhlobo lwesithuthi, uhlobo lomthwalo we-axle, uhlobo lweqonga eliphindwe kabini, uhlobo lweqela le-axle, uhlobo lwendibaniselwano yamalungiselelo amaninzi, kunye nodidi lweplati ecaba lunokubonwa njengodidi lweqela le-axle.Umgaqo osebenzayo womthwali kukulinganisa umqondiso wombane xa umthwali ethwele umthwalo wetayara, kwaye emva koko uyiguqulele kubunzima besithuthi ngokusebenzisa i-amplification kunye nokucwangciswa kwesignali, enokwahlulwa ibe ngamacandelo amabini: uhlobo lwe-gauge ye-strain kunye ne-quartz crystal. uhlobo.
Ngaphantsi kwemeko yokuhlangabezana neemfuno zokuchaneka kokuchongwa, isikali esifanelekileyo selori kufuneka sikhethwe ngokweemeko zendlela, kunye nokusetyenziswa kobuchwephesha obutsha bokulinganisa izixhobo ezichaneke kakhulu, ngexabiso eliphantsi kwaye ngokuhambelana nemigangatho kufuneka kukhuthazwe, kwaye iilori ezinokuthi zibekwe emgceni kwaye zigqithwe kwindawo yokubona ubungakanani obungayekiyo zinokwahlulwa ngokuchanekileyo.
2.2.Ukusasazwa kwezixhobo zangaphandle
Umzobo wesi-2 ngumzobo oqhelekileyo woyilo lwezikhululo zokunyanzeliswa ngokuthe ngqo, kwaye iThebhile 1 yimfuno esebenzayo yezixhobo eziphambili.Xa indawo yokufumanisa ukunyanzeliswa ngokuthe ngqo ibekwe kwindlela enye yendlela, umlinganiselo weloli oguqukayo kufuneka ubekwe kuyo yonke indlela ye-cross-section, kwaye ukuba yonke i-cross-section ayinakusekwa ngenxa yeemeko, izibonelelo zokuzihlukanisa ezifana nokungalunganga- indlela yokuqhuba nokukhwela kufuneka yongezwe ukunqanda ukuba izithuthi ziphephe ukuvayisha.
Umzobo 2. Umzobo oqhelekileyo wesikhululo sokunyanzeliswa ngokuthe ngqo
Itheyibhile 1.IiMfuno eziSebenzayo zesiXhobo esiPhambili
| Igama lesixhobo | Iimfuno eziphambili zophawu: | |
| 1 | Izikali zelori ezinamandla | Iyakwazi ukubona ngokuzenzekelayo ixesha, inani lee-asi, isantya, umthwalo we-axle enye, ubunzima obupheleleyo besithuthi kunye nempahla, i-wheelbase kunye nolunye ulwazi lwesithuthi;Iyakwazi ukwahlula ngokuchanekileyo indlela yokufola ngesithuthi somthwalo;Inokujongana nemeko yokuqhuba engaqhelekanga yezithuthi ezithuthayo ezifana nokutshintsha kwendlela kunye nokuqhawuka kwesantya;Iyakwazi ukuhambisa ulwazi olugqithisiweyo lwelori yangaphambili kwinkqubo yokulawula ngexesha langempela;Iyakwazi ukuhlangabezana nomsebenzi ongaphazamisekiyo wemozulu yonke kwindawo engalindelekanga;Kufuneka ibe nempazamo yokuzivavanya umsebenzi |
| 2 | Ukuqaphela ipleyiti yelayisensi kunye nezixhobo zokuthatha | kufuneka ifakwe isibane sokuzalisa okanye isibane esidanyazayo;Inokuthi ibambe ngokucacileyo inombolo yelayisenisi yelayisenisi, inokwakheka kokusingqongileyo, kwaye kuyacetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe isibane sokugcwalisa ezintathu-enye ukuphepha ukungcoliseka kokukhanya;Ukukwazi ukuthatha imifanekiso yeenombolo zeenombolo zesithuthi kwifomathi epheleleyo yeJPG;Kufuneka ikwazi ukuthatha umfanekiso we-1 wenkcazo ephezulu yangaphambili, kwaye ngokolwazi lomfanekiso, kufuneka ikwazi ukwahlula ngokucacileyo indawo yeplate yelayisensi yesithuthi somthwalo, iimpawu zangaphambili kunye ne-cab, kunye nombala wangaphambili. yemoto;Ukuchongwa kwesithuthi kunye nezixhobo zokubamba kufuneka zikwazi ukubamba umfanekiso wesithuthi esidlula kwindawo yokukhangela ubunzima obungayeki ukusuka kwii-angles ezininzi ukusuka kwicala kunye nomsila, kwaye kufuneka ikwazi ukuhlukanisa ngokucacileyo inani le-axles yesithuthi somthwalo, umbala womzimba, kunye nemeko esisiseko yeempahla ezithuthwayo ngokolwazi lomfanekiso;Ukuchongwa kwesithuthi kunye nezixhobo zokubamba kufuneka zibe nomsebenzi wokuzihlola ngokwakho;Isixhobo sokubamba isiganeko esingaqhelekanga sixhasa umsebenzi wokufumanisa ukuwela isithuthi esingaqhelekanga kunye nomgca wokuxininisa. |
| 3 | Izixhobo zokujonga ividiyo | Imifanekiso ye-Forensic kufuneka ubuncinane ibeyi-2 yezigidi zeepixels kwaye kufuneka ingqinelane ne-tamper-proof. |
| 4 | Izixhobo zoPapasho zoLwazi | Ifanele ikwazi ukukhulula ulwazi lokubhaqwa kwesithuthi kumqhubi wesithuthi esigqithileyo ngexesha lokwenyani, kwaye kufuneka ikwazi ukuqaphela ukutshintshwa kombhalo, ukuskrola kunye nezinye iindlela zokubonisa. |
Xa isithuthi sifunyaniswa ukuba sirhanelwa ukuba sithwele kakhulu, ipleyiti yelayisensi iya kuboniswa ngebhodi yolwazi eguquguqukayo kwaye isithuthi siya kujongwa kwindawo ekufutshane yokukhangela isithuthi esizele kakhulu ukuze siqhutywe.Umgama wokumisela phakathi kwebhodi yolwazi kunye nomlinganiselo welori oguqukayo kufuneka uhlangabezane neemfuno zombono wesithuthi, kwaye kuyacetyiswa ukuba ukhethe uhlobo olufanelekileyo lwebhodi yolwazi oluguquguqukayo kunye nokubeka umgama ngokwemiqathango yendlela;Xa umgama phakathi kwebhodi yolwazi kunye nomlinganiselo welori oguquguqukayo awuhlangabezani neemfuno zokubonakala komqhubi ngenxa yeemeko zokulungelelaniswa kwendlela, kuyacetyiswa ukuba unciphise isantya sokuqhuba ilori okanye ulungelelanise i-angle yebhodi yolwazi amasuntswana e-LED ukuphucula isantya sokuqhuba. ixesha lokubonakala komqhubi.
3. Uyilo lwamanyathelo okunciphisa iimpazamo zokulinganisa
Ngokweemfuno zolwahlulo lomthwalo ogqithisileyo kumgangatho wesohlwayo, kwimeko yesantya sokubaleka se-1 ~ 80km/h, ubunzima bubonke besithuthi kunye nomthwalo kubunzima obuguquguqukayo kufuneka buhlangabezane neemfuno zomgangatho wokuchaneka we-10, kwaye ipesenti yexabiso lokwenyani ekuvunyelwene ngalo lobunzima bubonke besithuthi ayidluli impazamo yohlolo lokuqala kunye nohlolo olulandelayo.
± 5.00%, kwaye impazamo yovavanyo esetyenziswayo ayidluli ±10.0%.
Ukuze kuncitshiswe impazamo ebangelwe yimiba yendlela yendlela ekulinganiseni ubunzima, indlela yabahambi ngeenyawo kwindawo echaphazela ukuveyisha ngaphambi nangemva kwezixhobo zokusebenza kwizikhululo zokunyanzeliswa ngokuthe ngqo kufuneka ihlangabezane nezi mfuno zilandelayo:
1) I-longitudinal slope akufanele ibe ngaphezu kwe-2%, kunye ne-lateral slope ye-pavement akufanele ibe ngaphezu kwe-2%;
2) xa kwi-pavement ye-cement, i-joint deformation, i-tie rod kunye ne-filler zicwangciswe phakathi kwekhonkrithi ye-samente ye-backfill kunye ne-samente ekhoyo;
3) Xa ukwipavement ye asphalt, igradient transition yamkelwa phakathi kwekhonkrithi yesamente yokugalela umva kunye nomgangatho we asphalt okhoyo.Isikhululo sokunyanzeliswa komkhomba-ndlela
iindawo zokukhetha kufuneka ziphephe ukufakwa kula macandelo endlela alandelayo:
1) Icandelo lendlela eliphakathi kwe-200m ukusuka kwindawo ekudibanela kuyo inqanaba;
2) inani leendlela ezitshintshayo kwicandelo lendlela;
I-3) i-overpass (impembelelo ye-aerodynamic) kunye nebhulorho yokusondela (i-uniformity embi) amacandelo;
4) amacandelo eebhulorho okanye ezinye izakhiwo eziya kuba nefuthe eliguqukayo kwizithuthi;
5) Amacandelo angaphantsi okanye kufuphi nezikhululo zosasazo zikanomathotholo kunye nemizila kaloliwe ephantsi kweentambo zombane eziphezulu.
Ukongeza, ukuze kuncitshiswe impazamo yokulinganisa ebangelwa kukuziphatha kwesithuthi, kufuneka kuthathwe la manyathelo alandelayo kwicandelo lokulinganisa:
1) Xa umzila wokuqhuba unomzila omninzi, umgca wokwahlula indlela uthatha umgca oqinileyo, kwaye izithuthi azivumelekanga ukutshintsha iindlela;
2) Xa ukulungelelaniswa kwecandelo lendlela kulungile kwaye kulula ukukhawulezisa, misela uphawu lwesantya selori phambi kwendawo yokufumanisa ubunzima;
3) Ukuze kupheliswe indlela yokuziphatha ebaleka ngabom isohlwayo esifana nokuvala iipleyiti zephepha-mvume, ukuqhuba ngendlela engafanelekanga, kunye nokufola kunye nokumisa umsila, ukubamba ngokungekho mthethweni kunye nezixhobo zokuchonga zingongezwa.
Ukuqukumbela
Ukushwankathela, ukucwangciswa kweendawo zokubona ukunyanzeliswa ngokuthe ngqo kufuneka kugqitywe ngokubanzi emva kokuqwalasela ngokubanzi uthungelwano lwendlela yengingqi, iimeko zendlela kunye nokusingqongileyo okungqongileyo, kunye noyilo lweempazamo zokunciphisa kufuneka zenziwe ngokwemiqathango yendlela yendawo yokufakela ukunciphisa. iimpazamo kwinkqubo yokusebenza kunye nokugcinwa.Ukuze kuncitshiswe iindleko zokwakhiwa kwe-weigh-in-motion, ngaphezu kokucwangciswa ngokubanzi kunye nokukhethwa okufanelekileyo kweendawo zokucwangcisa, kuyafuneka kwakhona ukucacisa igunya lokulawula, ukulungelelanisa ulawulo oluvela kumasebe amaninzi kunye nee-angles, kunye nokuzama ukunciphisa umthwalo ogqithiseleyo. ukuziphatha okuvela kumthombo.
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